Ms. Conley

March 17, 2010

History homework: Read Section 16.3.
Chpt. 16 Study Guide Terms are due 3/18
Essential Questions are due 3/22
Timeline is due 3/23

Language Arts:
Reading: pp. 21-29, "The Examination"
Notes are due 3/22.

Persuasive Essay Writing Assignment

Final Copy is due on Friday, 3/19.
Revisions are due Friday, 3/26.

Spelling and Vocabulary:

Words written three times paper is due Friday, 3/19.
Test is on Friday, 3/19.
(See 3/15 for the Spelling/Vocabulary list.)

Newspaper Article Review:
Read and review newspaper articles daily; write a review twice a week for 5 points due weekly on Tuesday and Thursday.

List the author, audience, location, as well as illustration and caption, if any.
Diagram one compound sentence.
Summarize the article (this can be one or more sentences.)

Write a letter to the editor, with your positive or negative review.

Be ready to discuss your article in class.

Posted by Ms. Conley at 04:06 PM

March 16, 2010

History homework: Read Section 16.1-2.

Language Arts:
Reading: pp. 6-20, "The Examination"
Notes are due 3/22.

Persuasive Essay Writing Assignment

Peer edit is due on Wednesday, 3/17.
Final Copy is due on Friday, 3/19.
Revisions are due Friday, 3/26.

Spelling and Vocabulary:

Alphetebize, syllables, parts of speech, accent marks, and sentences are due Wednesday, 3/17.

Words written three times paper is due Friday, 3/19.
Test is on Friday, 3/19.
(See 3/15 for the Spelling/Vocabulary list.)
V
Newspaper Article Review:
Read and review newspaper articles daily; write a review twice a week for 5 points due weekly on Tuesday and Thursday.

List the author, audience, location, as well as illustration and caption, if any.
Diagram one compound sentence.
Summarize the article (this can be one or more sentences.)

Write a letter to the editor, with your positive or negative review.

Be ready to discuss your article in class.

Posted by Ms. Conley at 07:04 PM

March 15, 2010

No History homework

Language Arts:
Reading: pp. 6-20, "The Examination" by 3/16;
Notes are due 3/22.

Persuasive Essay Writing Assignment

Rough draft is due on Tuesday, 3/16.
Peer edit is due on Wednesday, 3/17.
Final Copy is due on Friday, 3/19.
Revisions are due Friday, 3/26.

Spelling and Vocabulary:

Alphetebize, syllables, parts of speech, accent marks, and sentences are due Wednesday, 3/17.

Words written three times paper is due Friday, 3/19.
Test is on Friday, 3/19.

Vocabulary and Spelling:

1. authority -a citation (as from a book or file) used in defense or support; the source from which the citation is drawn; a conclusive statement or set of statements (as an official decision of a court); a decision taken as a precedent

2. Confucious -551–479 B.C. Chinese philosopher

3. capable -having attributes (as physical or mental power) required for performance or accomplishment (is capable of intense concentration); having traits conducive to or features permitting

4. primer -a small book for teaching children to read; a small introductory book on a subject

5. province -a country or region brought under the control of the ancient Roman government; an administrative district or division of a country; all of a country except the metropolises

6. stature -natural height (as of a person) in an upright position; quality or status gained by growth, development, or achievement

7. halting -marked by a lack of sureness or effectiveness (spoke in a halting manner)

8. mender -to free from faults or defects: as; to improve in manners or morals; reform; to set right (correct); to put into good shape or working order again; patch up (repair); to improve or strengthen (as a relationship) by negotiation or conciliation —used chiefly in the phrase mend fences (spends the weekend mending political fences)

9. examination -the act or process of inspecting; the state of being investigated; an exercise designed to examine progress or test qualification or knowledge; a formal interrogation

10. grudgingly -done, given, or allowed unwillingly, reluctantly, or sparingly (grudging compliance)

11. stabilize -to make stable, steadfast, or firm; to hold steady: as; to maintain the stability of (as an airplane) by means of a stabilizer; to limit fluctuations of (as prices)

12. capricious -governed or characterized by caprice (a sudden, impulsive, and seemingly unmotivated notion or action)

13. mournful expressing sorrow; (sorrowful); full of sorrow; (sad); causing sorrow or melancholy (gloomy)

14. glumly -broodingly morose (became glum when they heard the news) (dreary)

15. tael -any of various Chinese units of value based on the value of a tael weight of silver; any of various units of weight of eastern Asia

Newspaper Article Review:
Read and review newspaper articles daily; write a review twice a week for 5 points due weekly on Tuesday and Thursday.

List the author, audience, location, as well as illustration and caption, if any.
Diagram one compound sentence.
Summarize the article (this can be one or more sentences.)

Write a letter to the editor, with your positive or negative review.

Be ready to discuss your article in class.

Posted by Ms. Conley at 11:12 AM

March 12, 2010

No History homework

Language Arts:
Persuasive Essay Writing Assignment

Choose one writing prompt, and write a five-paragraph essay. Remember to include the thesis statement, your specific points about what you with to prove in the last sentence of your introductory paragraph. Convince the reader that your view is definitively the conclusion the reader should take away from the essay.

1. Some people fish to at what they catch; others fish simply for the “sport,” returning the fish to the water after they’ve caught it. Many animal rights activists argue that sport fishing is cruel and should be abolished. How do you feel about this issue? State your position and support it with specific reasons and examples.

2. For centuries people have wondered about the possibility of life on other planets in the universe. Do you believe extraterrestrial life exists? Write an essay persuading other to share your point of view.

3. Today’s top professional athletes often have salaries and bonuses in the tens of millions of dollars. Do you think these athletes deserve such high compensation? Why or why not? Explain your position and use specific reasons and examples.
www.scribd.com

Rough draft is due on Tuesday, 3/16.
Peer edit is due on Wednesday, 3/17.
Final Copy is due on Friday, 3/19.
Revisions are due Friday, 3/26.

The essay is worth 40 points. Please follow the rubric (give in class) for the maximum number of earned points.
Following are the points and categories for the highest mark of the rubric:

Structural Organization: Essay is powerfully organized and fully developed.
Thesis: Establishes thesis and maintains clear purpose via suitable voice and tone.
Focus: The essay is focused, purposeful, and reflects clear insight and ideas.
Support: Specific, developed details and superior support and evidence in the essay content.
Mechanics: Nearly error-free which reflects clear understanding and thorough proofreading.

Posted by Ms. Conley at 05:20 PM

March 11, 2010

History Chapter 15:

Exhibit Guide Project is due Friday, 3/12, and is worth 20 points.
(See 3/9 for details.)

Reading:
Review "Names/Nombres" p.263, "A Mason-Dixon Memory" p.357, and "Amigo Brothers" p.308 by 3/12.

From your literature book, on pp. 263, 357, and 308, be prepared to compare and contrast events, themes, and your interpretations of the characters, and the authors' points of view.

Short Story/Essay test is 3/12.
(See 3/9 and 3/10 for an additional study guide.)

Literature Study Guide for “Names/Nombres,” A Mason-Dixon Memory” and “Amigo Brothers.”

“Names/Nombres” From literature book, p.267:
1. Julia Alvarez has been known by the different names listed below. Explain who uses each name or group of names and what the names mean to Alvarez. “little girl”, Julita, Judith/Juliet, Jules/Jude, Alcatraz, Judy, Julia Altagracia Maria Teresa Alvarez Tavares Perello Espaillat, and Julia Alvarez.

2. How does Julia picture the people who mispronounce her name?

3. As a teenager, why does Julia want to be called Judy? How do you think her attitude has changed since then?

4. Why do you think the writer gave this piece the title “Names/Nombres” instead of just “Names” (or just “Nombres”)? What connection can you see between this title and Alvarez’s comment about being “on the border between two worlds”?

5. What would you say is the main idea of “Names/Nombres”? List three significant details or quotations from the story that you think back up the main idea.

6. Is this essay subjective or objective? How do you know?

“A Mason –Dixon Memory,” by Ms. Scott, Horrace Mann Middel School
1. Describe the setting of Dondre Green’s part of the story. Include each element of “setting.

2. What is the decision that Murphy asks his seniors to make?

3. What is the significance of the Mason-Dixon line in the conversation the author, Clifton Davis, has with the chaperone of his trip?

4. Davis noticed that at the Lincoln Memorial, Lincoln’s face seems both “alive and so terribly sad”. He says the next morning he understood a little better why Lincoln wasn’t smiling. What was it that Davis understood?

5. On the last page of the story, it reads,

In his words and in his life, Lincoln had made it clear that freedom is not free. Every time the color of a person’s skin keeps him out of an amusement park or off a country club fairway, the war for freedom begins again. Sometimes the battle is fought with fists and guns, but more often the most effective weapon is a simple act of love and courage.

Interpret this passage. (Explain what the author means.)

** On the last page of the story, it reads,

Interpret this passage. (Explain what the author means.)

“Amigo Brothers” p. 318
1. Why do both boys wish for an early knockout? What does this wish show about them and their feelings for each other?

2. The last sentence refers to both boys as “champions.” In what sense are they both champions?

Compare and Contrast
1. What are the similarities and differences in these stories? Identify common themes.

2. Reflect on the stories: did you like/dislike the stories? Were the characters believable? Did you find a connection between the stories?

Spelling and Vocabulary:

Alphetebize, syllables, parts of speech, accent marks, and sentences are due Wednesday, 3/10.

Words written three times paper is due Friday, 3/12.
Test is on Friday, 3/12.
(See 3/9 for Spelling/Vocabulary list.)

Posted by Ms. Conley at 05:13 PM

March 10, 2010

History Chapter 15:
*Chapter 15 test is 3/11.

Exhibit Guide Project is due Friday, 3/11, and is worth 20 points.
(See 3/9 for details.)

Reading:
Review "User Friendly" and "After Twenty Years" by 3/11.
From your literature book, pp. 185, 224, be prepared to compare and contrast events, themes, and your interpretations of the characters, and the authors' points of view.

Short Story/Essay test is 3/12.
(See 3/9 for an additional study guide.)

Literature Study Guide for “User Friendly” and “After Twenty Years.”

Literature Book, p.196:
1. Trace the chain of causes and effects leading up to Kevin’s decision to unplug Louis. Is what finally happens to Louis part of the chain of events or outside it?

2. You can tell a lot about people when you know what’s important to them. For instance, what seems most important to Kevin is his computer. What other character traits does Kevin have?

3. What are some of the themes of “User Friendly?”

4. Compare the themes of “User Friendly” with themes in “Fish Cheeks” and “Mother and Daughter.” What does each theme say about the power of love?

Literature Book, p.230:
1. What does the police officer realize when the man in the doorway lights his cigar?

2. When did you realize who the police officer was? Find and explain the first clue to his identity.

3. Both men honor a commitment they made over twenty years ago, but for Jimmy Wells there’s one thing more important than even a long friendship. What is one theme of this story? What truth about loyalty versus honesty does the story reveal to you?

4. What would you have done if you were Jimmy?

Compare and Contrast
1. What are the similarities and differences in these stories? Identify common themes.

2. Reflect on the stories: did you like/dislike the stories? Were the characters believable? Did you find a connection between one or both of the stories

Spelling and Vocabulary:

Alphetebize, syllables, parts of speech, accent marks, and sentences are due Wednesday, 3/10.

Words written three times paper is due Friday, 3/12.
Test is on Friday, 3/12.
(See 3/9 for Spelling/Vocabulary list.)

Posted by Ms. Conley at 05:00 PM

March 09, 2010

March 9, 2010

History Chapter 15:
*Chapter 15 test is 3/11.

Exhibit Guide Project is due Friday, 3/11, and is worth 20 points.

Exhibit Guide Project

Imagine that you are the director of the Cultural Center of West Africa. You have created exhibits about African art, music, and oral and written traditinos. Now you want to publish a guide to help visitors better understand the exhibits. Your guide must be between 500 and 700 words and:

include a colorful and creative covor and title

be at least three pages long, with pages devoted to art, music, andoral and written traditions

include at least five illustrations or drawings

contain information to help the reader understand African culture. The guide must have at least three paragraphs that describe the exhibits and explain what they teach us about African culture and society. Each paragraph must cover one of these three topics: art, music, and oral and written traditions.

include a list of at least four examples of ways in which West African cultural achievements influence our world today.

Prepare a rough draft of your guide and have your teacher review it. Type or write your final draft neatly in ink.

Reading:
Be prepared to discuss your answers to the Literature Study Guide by 3/10.
Short Story/Essay test is 3/12.
Literature Study Guide

“Mother & Daughter”

From questions on p.116:
2. Look back at the way Yollie and her mother tease each other at the beginning of the story. What inferences can you make about the character traits revealed by the mother and the daughter in that scene?

3. What inferences can you make about the characters of Yollie and her mother based on the awkward feelings they experience at lunch the day after the school dance?

4. How has Yollie distinguished herself at Saint Theresa’s? Based on her involvement in those activities, what would you infer about her character?

5. Look at the way Mrs. Moreno dresses, at how other people respond to her, and at how she feels about Yollie. What inferences can you make about her character?

7. Do you think that Yollie and her mother are believable characters? (Think of how they compare with people you know.) How about that final discovery of the money in the cigar box? Was that a believable resolution to the plot? Why?

“Fish Cheeks”

From questions on p.355:
2. Why do you think Amy is ashamed of her family’s Chinese traditions? What does her mother mean when she says, “Your only shame is to have shame”?

3. Re-read Tan’s description of the food her mother is preparing. How does Amy feel about the dinner? How can you tell?

4. Find one image in the story that creates a vivid picture in your mind. Find three other images that help you feel you can touch, smell, taste or hear details of that famous Christmas dinner.

5. Why do you suppose it isn’t until many years later that Amy realizes her mother chose all of Amy’s favorite foods for the Christmas Eve dinner? What do you think are her mother’s “lesson” and “true purpose” in preparing those foods?

7. Is this essay about a strange menu, or is it really about something else? In one or two sentences, state what you think is Tan’s main idea.

8. Where does the title “Fish Cheeks” come from? Do you think it’s a good title? Tell why or why not.

Why do you think Tan takes the particular quote, “On Christmas Eve, I saw that my mother had outdone herself in creating a strange menu,” to be the caption on the title page? What is the purpose?

What is the focus of this essay?

Compare and Contrast, “Mother & Daughter”/“Fish Cheeks”

1. What are the similarities and differences in these stories?

2. Choose one common theme in both stories. Explain your reasoning.

3. Reflect on the stories: did you like/dislike the stories? Were the characters believable? Did you find a connection between one or both of the stories?

Spelling and Vocabulary:

Alphetebize, syllables, parts of speech, accent marks, and sentences are due Wednesday, 3/10.

Words written three times paper is due Friday, 3/12.
Test is on Friday, 3/12.

Spelling and Vocabulary list for 3/8-12.

1. deport -to behave or comport oneself especially in accordance with a code; to send out of the country by legal deportation

2. bewilder -to cause to lose one’s bearings; to perplex or confuse

3. commitment -an agreement or pledge to do something in the future; an act of committing to a charge or trust

4. abolish -to do away with wholly; to destroy completely

5. deliver -to set free; to take and hand over to or leave for another

6. befriend -to act as a friend to

7. consider -to think about carefully; to think of especially with regard to taking some action

8. diminish -to make less or cause to appear less; to lessen the authotity, dignity or reputation of

9. deplore -to feel or express grief for; to regret strongly; to consider unfortunate

10. abhorrent -strongly opposed; not agreeable

11. bestow -to convey as a gift

12. admonish -to indicate duties or obligations; to give friendly earnest advice or encouragement

13. distress -to cause to worry or be troubled; to mar (wood or furniture) deliberately to give an effect of age

14. allotment -the act of assigning or distributing a share or portion

15. abreast -beside one another with bodies in line; up to a particular standard or level especially of knowledge of recent developments

Posted by Ms. Conley at 03:24 PM

March 05, 2010

March 5, 2010

History Chapter 15:
Timeline is due 3/8
Chapter 15 test is 3/9
Reading:
Short Story/Essay notes
for "Names/Nombres are due 3/8.

Spelling and Vocabulary:
(see 3/2 for details)

Posted by Mr. Solove at 04:47 PM

March 03, 2010

March 3, 2010

History:
Reach Section 15.4 by 3/4.
West African Passport Project is due 3/4.
(see 2/25 for details)
Study Guide Essential Questions are due 3/5
Timeline is due 3/8
Chapter 15 test is 3/8
Reading:
Short Story/Essay notes
for "Names/Nombres are due 3/8.

Spelling and Vocabulary:
(see 3/2 for details)

Posted by Mr. Solove at 04:49 PM

March 02, 2010

March 2, 2010

History:
Reach Section 15.3 by 3/3.

West African Passport Project is due 3/4.
(see 2/25 for details)

Reading:
Read "Names/Nombres" p.263 by 3/3.
Short Story/Essay notes are due 3/8.

Spelling and Vocabulary:

Alphetebize, syllables, parts of speech, accent marks, and sentences are due Wednesday/Thursday, 3/3,4.

Words written three times paper is due Friday, 3/5.
Test is on Friday, 3/5.
Vocabulary and Definitions
1. ethnicity -common culture or nationality

2. florid-sounding -flowery; using fancy words

3. Third World -developing countries of Latin America, Africa and Asia

4. rococo -an early-eighteenth-century style of art and architecture

5. heritage -traditions that are passed along.

6. convoluted -complicated

7. substance -essential nature; a fundamental or characteristic part or quality; physical material from which something is made or which has discrete existence

8. endurance -the ability to withstand hardship or adversity

9. reluctant -feeling or showing aversion, hesitation, or unwillingness

10. influence -the power or capacity of causing an effect in indirect or intangible ways; one that exerts influence

11. kente -colorfully patterned cloth traditionally woven by hand

12. elaborate -planned or carried out with great care (took elaborate precautions); marked by complexity, fullness of detail, or ornateness

13. mallet -a hammer with a typically barrel-shaped head: as a : a tool with a large head for driving another tool or for striking a surface without marring it.

14. legacy -gift by will especially of money other personal property; something transmitted by or received from an ancestor or predecessor or from the past (the legacy of the ancient philosophers)

15. coronations -the act or occasion of crowning; also : accession to the highest office

Newspaper Article Review:
Read and review newspaper articles daily; write a review twice a week for 5 points due weekly on Tuesday and Thursday.
(see 2/25 for details)

Posted by Ms. Conley at 04:08 PM

February 26, 2010

History:
Chapter 15 Study Guide terms are due 3/1.

West African Passport Project is due 3/4.
(see 2/25 for details)

Reading:
Read "Veto on Video Games" p.599 by 3/1.
Short Story/Essay notes are due 3/1.

Spelling and Vocabulary:

Alphetebize, syllables, parts of speech, accent marks, and sentences are due Wednesday, 3/3.

Words written three times paper is due Friday, 3/5.
Test is on Friday, 3/5.
(See 3/1 for list of Spelling words.)

Newspaper Article Review:
Read and review newspaper articles daily; write a review twice a week for 5 points due weekly on Tuesday and Thursday.
(see 2/25 for details)

Posted by Ms. Conley at 04:56 PM

February 25, 2010

History Chapter 15 Vocabulary is due 2/26.
Reach Chapter 15's Introduction by 2/26.

West African Passport Project

Focus: Each student will complete a passport for this West African study unit. The project will include the empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai.

This project is worth 20 points, and is due March 4, 2010.

1. Your passport will need a green cover.
2. Your name, birthdate and address will go under a picture of you; if you do not have a picture, Ms. Conley will take one of you with signed family permission consent. (Please authorize and sign below.)
3. All pages must be written neatly, printed or typed.
4. List the name of each empire on separate pages.
5. Write the approximate date of each empire’s beginning and its location.
6. State the empire’s major economic resources.
7. Write a brief summary of the leader of the empire at this time.
8. Include a map, printed or drawn.
9. Look for ways how human and the geographic boundaries and features changed with each leader.

Ask questions! This is an individual project, but you may work together with your classmates in answering/researching questions. You will have some time to work on this project in class, but you must complete it on your own by the due date.

Materials: Colored construction paper, scissors, stapler, map pencils (colored pencils are fine); markers; crayons; rulers; picture of you; maps of ancient empires of Africa.

Reading:
"A Mason Dixie Line," p.359
Review "Fish Cheeks," p.353
Reading notes are due 3/1.

Spelling and Vocabulary

Alphetebize, syllables, parts of speech, accent marks, and sentences are due Wednesday, 2/24.

Words written three times paper is due Friday, 1/26.
Test is on Friday, 1/26.
(See 2/23 for list of Spelling words.)

Writing Fiction, a Short Story Assignment:

Create character(s) in your own short story! In thinking about this assignment, make sure to think about what point of view you want this piece to be told from; what is/are the setting(s)? What is the conflict? Is there a resolution—what ending does this story have? Be sure to title your work. The length may be 1-2 pages, so use the most descriptive words and edit, edit, edit along the way!

Your short story narrative will be graded according to the rubric on the back page, for a total of 30 points. Please attach this page to the front of your title page.

The character and setting descriptions are due Monday, February 22.
The first draft is due Tuesday, February 23.
Peer edit is due Wednesday, February 24.
The final draft is due Friday, February 26.

Newspaper Article Review:
Read and review newspaper articles daily; write a review twice a week for 5 points due weekly on Tuesday and Thursday.

List the author, audience, location, as well as illustration and caption, if any.
Diagram one sentence with subject, verb (action, helping, linking, being verbs), and pronouns.
Summarize the article (this can be one or more sentences.)

Write a letter to the editor, with your positive or negative review.

Be ready to discuss your article in class.

Posted by Mr. Solove at 05:43 PM

February 23, 2010

History, Chapter 14
Read Sections 14.7,8 by 2/23.

Study Guide Essential Questions are due 2/24.
Timeline is due 2/25.
Chapter 14 test is 2/25.

West African Passport Project

Focus: Each student will complete a passport for this West African study unit. The project will include the empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai.

This project is worth 20 points, and is due March 4, 2010.

Materials: Colored construction paper, scissors, stapler, map pencils (colored pencils are fine); markers; crayons; rulers; picture of you; maps of ancient empires of Africa.

Reading:
"User Friendly," p.187
"The Tejano Sould of San Antonio," P.147
Reading notes are due 3/1.

Spelling and Vocabulary

Alphetebize, syllables, parts of speech, accent marks, and sentences are due Wednesday, 2/24.

Words written three times paper is due Friday, 1/26.
Test is on Friday, 1/26.

1. subjugate -to bring under control and governance as a subject (conquer); to make submissive (subdue)

2. procession -a group of individuals moving along in an orderly often ceremonial way

3. encounter -to meet as an adversary or enemy; to engage in conflict with; to come upon face-to-face; to come upon or experience especially unexpectedly

4. reveille -a signal to get up mornings; a bugle call at about sunrise signaling the first military formation of the day

5. impact -to fix firmly by or as if by packing or wedging; to press together; to have a direct effect or impact on : impinge on; to strike forcefully

6. corrugate -to form or shape into wrinkles or folds or into alternating ridges and grooves

7. reverberate -to become driven back; to become reflected; to continue in or as if in a series of echoes (resound)

8. contentious -likely to cause contention (a contentious argument); exhibiting an often perverse and wearisome tendency to quarrels and disputes (a man of a most contentious nature)

9. convulsion -an abnormal violent and involuntary contraction or series of contractions of the muscles

10. alacrity -promptness in response : cheerful readiness (accepted the invitation with alacrity)

11. exclude -to prevent or restrict the entrance of; to bar from participation, consideration, or inclusion

12. assail -to attack violently with blows or words

13. dissipate -to cause to spread thin or scatter and gradually vanish c : to lose (as heat or electricity) irrecoverably

14. griots -any of a class of musician-entertainers of western Africa whose performances include tribal histories and genealogies; poets-musicians

15. illustrious -notably or brilliantly outstanding because of dignity or achievements or actions

Writing Fiction, a Short Story Assignment:

Your short story narrative will be graded according to the rubric on the back page, for a total of 30 points. Please attach this page to the front of your title page.

The character and setting descriptions are due Monday, February 22.
The first draft is due Tuesday, February 23.
Peer edit is due Wednesday, February 24.
The final draft is due Friday, February 26.

Newspaper Article Review:
Read and review newspaper articles daily; write a review twice a week for 5 points due weekly on Tuesday and Thursday.

Write a letter to the editor, with your positive or negative review.

Be ready to discuss your article in class.

Posted by Ms. Conley at 04:12 PM

February 22, 2010

History, Chapter 14
Read Sections 14.3, 4 by 2/22.

Study Guide Essential Questions are due 2/24.
Timeline is due 2/25.

West African Passport Project

Focus: Each student will complete a passport for this West African study unit. The project will include the empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai.

This project is worth 20 points, and is due March 4, 2010.

Materials: Colored construction paper, scissors, stapler, map pencils (colored pencils are fine); markers; crayons; rulers; picture of you; maps of ancient empires of Africa.

Spelling and Vocabulary
1. subjugate -to bring under control and governance as a subject (conquer); to make submissive (subdue)